Striving for social responsibility helps sports Clubs have a positive impact on progress, work, and society. The study is to design a model of social responsibility for Tehran's Esteghlal sport Club. This research was conducted with the aim of expanding the knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon of responsibility of the Independence Club. This research is also of qualitative nature based on the data search. The statistical population of the study included experts (managers and practitioners of Esteghlal Sport and Cultural Club and faculty members). Purposeful sampling and snowball sampling techniques were used for in-depth interviews. A total of 11 interviews were conducted with experts. In fact, the sampling continued to the point (11 interviews) until the theoretical saturation was sufficient. After studying the theoretical foundations, the raw data were obtained from in-depth interviews with elites and experts and analyzed simultaneously with the interviews and based on the qualitative content analysis approach with the inductive approach. To determine the reliability of the data (which is equivalent to reliability and validity in quantitative research), two transcoding methods used by other researchers and members of the review. The results showed that the main areas of social responsibility of Esteghlal Club included economic, transparency, cultural, ethical, legal, benevolent, environmental and scientific responsibilities. The challenges of the Esteghlal Club in the area of social responsibility are structural, behavioral and contextual barriers. Social responsibility strategies for Esteghlal were in two basic strategies or with macro level and operational strategies. Eventually, the main implications for the role of the Independent Club's social responsibility include the business consequences and the behavioral consequences. On this basis, it can be said that sports Clubs focusing on social responsibility can promote social benefits beyond the interests of the Club and what the law requires.

Players are the most important and valuable assets of sports Clubs; their contracts cover most of the Clubs' budgets. The present study aimed to investigate the role of those factors related to players’ valuation and predict the amount of their contract. The research method was applied-survey and quantitative; the research sample were selected by census sampling method including 41 players of the Esteghlal Club football team. The data from the research were based on the text mining method of the players' performance data for two seasons. When applying data mining method, neural network algorithms, decision tree and average chi-square clustering algorithm were used for data categorization, data analysis and price prediction. Also, the obtained model was tested by predicting the price again with the data using algorithms made in different models and applying graphs and numerical analysis and the predicted value with the actual value in the Clementine software. According to the results, dive had the highest impact factor and total time played during a season had the lowest impact factor for players’ valuation in the neural network algorithm. Age was the factor with the highest effect on players’ price, and players’ position was had the lowest effect in the decision tree algorithm. Physical activity was also the first factor affecting the price. The difference between predicted values in algorithmic methods and the actual data is probably due to the lack of a scientific approach to determine the value of players' contracts. Decision tree algorithm is recommended when predicting players' prices with the Club fixed budget and the neural network is the most appropriate method when the budget is varied.

Background and Purpose One of the key pillars of the football industry is its fans, who are considered the most important stakeholders, as their presence makes this industry unique and sets it apart from others (Gutierrez, 2019). Sports fans are individuals who have strong emotional connections to their team, athlete, or favorite sport (Kim et al., 2020). This psychological bond between fans and a sports team or athlete is referred to as team identity (Theodorakis et al., 2016). It is important to recognize that team identity is not fixed,it is flexible and can change over time (Delia, 2019). The concept of threats to team identity is a relatively new area of research in sports management, which has recently garnered increasing attention from scholars studying sports consumer behavior. In this context, the present study aims to identify the factors that pose a threat to the team identity of football fans. Methodology Given that identity threats trigger deep psychological processes (Mansfield et al., 2020) and considering the lack of comprehensive research on the threat to football fans' team identity, a qualitative research method was deemed suitable for this study. The research was conducted using content analysis, which is recognized as one of the most effective methods in qualitative research (Braun & Clarke, 2006). The study's statistical population comprised the fans of the Esteghlal Tehran football team who followed the team's official Instagram page. The sampling method used was purposive, where a call for participation was made from April 4 to September 12, 1400, in the comments section of all posts on the official Instagram page of the Esteghlal team...

Objective: The overall purpose of the present study is to estimate the economic value of Tehran Esteghlal Football Club based on the amount of fan support in Iran.Methodology: The present study is a descriptive-analytic one that is a part of applied research in terms of purpose. The statistical population, Esteghlal's Club supporters across Iran, and the sample size were 393 according to the table of Michel and Carson. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed to determine the willingness to pay fans of Tehran Independence Football Club nationwide for the goods and benefits produced by the Club and the factors affecting their willingness to pay. Ranked probit model was used for data analysis.Results: The results show that 85.3% of the fans are willing to participate in the funding for the presence of the independence team at competitive levels and the tendency of paying for the football Club to attend and win the Premier League is 77.2% and 79.2%, respectively, Cup championship and AFC Champions League matches were 78.2 percent and 84 percent, respectively, Tickets for the Independence Football Stadium from 93.9% stadium viewing and the Club's product purchases are 43.1 percentConclusion: The willingness to pay has shown that the presence of the Independent Football Team in Iran's highly competitive sports has had a positive effect on their well-being, with supporters wanting to support their favorite team.

This study aimed at identifying the factors influencing the brand equity of professional football teams. The design of the study was descriptive with practical goals. The study population comprised of two groups of people: sport marketing experts and sport managers, and the fans of Esteghlal football Club. Forty-nine people were selected through purposive sampling from the first group, and another 184 people were selected through convenience sampling from the second one. The results of the study showed that from the managers, experts, and fans perspectives, the factors affecting the brand equity of Esteghlal Football Club were, in descending order, the fans loyalty, team success, team stars, stadium, Club history, management, head coach, media, sponsors, and logo.

Objective: the aim of this study was to Evaluate the relationship marketing tactics of Iranian soccer league Methodology: according to the purpose, Adjusted relationship marketing components scale developed by Ehsani and Ezadi (2011), provided to 366 members of the supporters Club Esteghlal Tehran that according to The sample size formula and Who were randomly selected. The questionnaire was based on the norms set for a Likert scale of 5 points to making it slightly used. Validity and reliability of the instrument by experts in the pilot study with the Alpha 0/92 respectively. For data analysis also oneway-anova variance, one sample t-test and Spearman and pearson Correlation significant 0/05 by spss20, systat13 and lisrel8. 50was used. Results: Results indicate that; between Subscales Knowledge Management, Quality of Service, Satisfaction, trust, commitment, quantity consumed, Interpreting advertisement and finally pursuit of media according to the membership of the Association was significant difference(p<0/05) and also between subscales of relationship marketing tactics according to annual watching matches Except satisfaction and trust was no significant difference(p<0/05). Conclusion: In general the results indicate the status of the Marketing tactics, points of strength and weakness in this regard and so presenting suitable strategies and operational, on The identification of the Iranian Football League Clubs Especially Esteghlal Tehran and their supporters in the development of effective advocacy.

Objective: The purpose of the research was to explain the relationship between the identity and loyalty of the fans on the brand evangelism of the Esteghlal football Club of Tehran. Methodology: This research was Correlational and functional based on structural equation modeling that was done as a field survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the fan of Esteghlal Club of Tehran, who came to the Azadi Stadium in the third week of the Premier League 2016-2017. The sample size was determined by structural equation sampling method and 252 correct questionnaires were used. The modified identity questionnaire of Mell & Ashforth (1992), the loyalty questionnaire of Mahoney et al. (2000), the intention to buy of Bacra and Carnage (2011), the positive brand advertising of Power and Associates (2008) and the negative brand advertising of Matzler et al (2007) were used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was survey and reliability was counted by Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Data was analyzed by SMARTPLS software. Results: Findings showed that identity has a significant effect on loyalty and indicates a significant effect of loyalty on the factors contributing to brand evangelism. Also Identity had a significant effect on some of the factors contributing to brand evangelism. Conclusion: Clubs managers need to associate the identity of the fans with the Club, so as to increase the loyalty of the fans, will make them bargaining in the brand communities.

Purpose of this study was to definition the role of team identification on football fans intentions to attendance mediated by attendance constraints conducted on Esteghlal Tehran Football Club. The research method in this study is descriptive - correlation and SEM was applied to survey the research hypothesis. The number of 550 fans of Esteghlal and team were selected as the research. In order to measure the research variables including attendance constraints, team identification, and intentions to attendance, the questionnaires of Rocha and Fleury (2017) were applied. The validity and accuracy of the questionnaires confirmed by the experts and the reliability of the test questions were confirmed via Cronbach’s alpha test. The results illistrate that team identification with a coefficient of -0.41 impact attendance constraints and with a coefficient of 0.66 impact fans intentions to attendance. On the other hand, attendance constraints with a coefficient of -0.83 impact fans’ intentions to attendance. According to the results of the present study, two things are suggested. On the on hand, by developing and reinforcing fans’ team identification, reduce their perception of constrains to attend in stadiums. On the other hand, by solving and facilitating constrains help fans intention to attend in stadiums

Objective: The purpose of this study was to model the general perception of acceptance and willingness to pay for the success of Premier League Clubs.Methodology: Which was done by correlation-survey method. 456 people were selected as statistical sample from the supporters of Esteghlal Club living in Tehran. A researcher-made questionnaire used to collect data. the content validity of which was confirmed by 19 sports experts and the construct validity of which was confirmed by the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.89. The data were analyzed by structural equations modeling in Smart PLS3 software.Results: Results revealed that trust in the policy-makers of EFC and the perception of the role-modeling of EFC footballers had(0.383),(0.366) a significant effect on the fans’ perception of personal(0.383),(0.366) and social gain(0.361),(0.275), and a significantly negative effect(-0.448),(-0.531) on their perceived risks and hazards regarding the development of the Club. In addition, the fans’ perception of the role-modeling of the footballers and the personal and social gain regarding the team's success significantly affected the acceptance and willingness to pay for EFC(0.235),(0.190),(0.265). Finally, the resulting from the development of the Club had a significantly negative impact(-0.278) on the acceptance and willingness to pay.Conclusion: Based on the findings, to obtain public support and acceptance, the policy-makers and managers of the league and Club should improve public trust, and the Club should train and maintain footballers who are role-models, because these two factors promote the public acceptance and willingness to pay for the Club’s success.